More than 200 Organisations: Inhumane Deportation Rules Should be Rejected
On 11 March 2025, the European Commission presented a new proposal for a Return Regulation to replace the current Return Directive. Behind the euphemistic name, the proposal outlines coercive, traumatising, and rights-violating measures premised on an imperative of increasing deportation rates. Instead of focusing on protection, housing, healthcare and education, the Regulation is premised on punitive policies, detention centres, deportation and enforcement.
More than 200 Organisations: Inhumane Deportation Rules Should be Rejected
On 11 March 2025, the European Commission presented a new proposal for a Return Regulation to replace the current Return Directive. Behind the euphemistic name, the proposal outlines coercive, traumatising, and rights-violating measures premised on an imperative of increasing deportation rates. Instead of focusing on protection, housing, healthcare and education, the Regulation is premised on punitive policies, detention centres, deportation and enforcement.
Uphold Human Security And Human Rights, End Mass Deportations And State Repression
Please click here for the PDF version. Para leer la versión en español, dé click aquí.
GAATW stands in full solidarity with human rights advocates and organisations in the urgent call to stop the systems of securitisation, surveillance, and state-led repression that are being used across the US and beyond to criminalise migrants, immigrants and refugees, including trafficked persons.
Under the guise of national security, states are justifying mass deportations, detention and racial profiling, acts that violate fundamental rights and human dignity. In the past months, we have witnessed reports of migrants from working-class groups in the US being forcibly removed from homes, school premises and workplaces by authorities WITHOUT any due process. Many have taken the matter to social media to alert people and disseminate information about raids, checkpoints and patrols in targeted areas.[1]
Uphold Human Security And Human Rights, End Mass Deportations And State Repression
Please click here for the PDF version. Para leer la versión en español, dé click aquí.
GAATW stands in full solidarity with human rights advocates and organisations in the urgent call to stop the systems of securitisation, surveillance, and state-led repression that are being used across the US and beyond to criminalise migrants, immigrants and refugees, including trafficked persons.
Under the guise of national security, states are justifying mass deportations, detention and racial profiling, acts that violate fundamental rights and human dignity. In the past months, we have witnessed reports of migrants from working-class groups in the US being forcibly removed from homes, school premises and workplaces by authorities WITHOUT any due process. Many have taken the matter to social media to alert people and disseminate information about raids, checkpoints and patrols in targeted areas.[1]
At the beginning of 2020, GAATW adopted a new Strategic Plan to guide our work in the next ten years. It was the result of a two-year process that involved an external assessment of the Alliance, four regional consultations with GAATW Members in South and Southeast Asia, Europe, and South America, and a Theory of Change exercise guided by an external facilitator.
The Strategic Plan responds to the following socioeconomic and political context that impacts the lives of migrant and trafficked women, as well as the specific challenges of anti-trafficking work:
The neoliberal economic model prioritizes profits over people, advocates for a reduced government role, minimizes business regulations, and promotes the privatization of social protections and public services. This approach has led to increasing inequality between the rich and poor in both developed and developing countries.
The weakening of labour rights, trade unions and collective bargaining, and a rise in zero-hour, piece-rate contracts and the gig economy, all of which have led to erosion of the hard-won victories of the labour movement and increased precarity of work.
The climate crisis is destroying people’s homes and livelihoods, especially subsistence farming. This is pushing people into distress migration to cities or other countries in search of salaried work.
Patriarchal social attitudes are the cause of violations of women’s rights. One of the underlying reasons for women’s exploitation is the undervaluation of women’s work, which includes not only the gender wage gap but also the significant amount of unpaid domestic, care, and household work that women perform, often 1.5 to 4 times more than men globally.
Governments are cracking down on civil society and human rights work, criminalising solidarity, and forcing NGOs to register as foreign agents.
Anti-trafficking efforts often rely on simplistic narratives that ignore larger socioeconomic and political factors. This approach results in misguided solutions, such as criminalising clients of sex workers and enforcing migration restrictions, which fail to improve job conditions and instead lead to negative consequences for migrants and sex workers..
Donors contribute to the marginalisation of civil society, as their funding is increasingly short-term and project-based, forcing NGOs to spend a huge amount of time fundraising and reporting, and to become mere service providers while abandoning their role of watchdogs. Consequently, there is little time for reflection and analysis, leading to a growing disconnect from communities and social movements.
The Need for Focused Thematic Programmes
GAATW has played a significant role in shaping global anti-trafficking discourse and developing international human rights laws regarding human trafficking and migration. GAATW’s action-oriented research, often conducted with members and allies, contributed to the establishment of an internationally recognised definition of human trafficking in the 1990s. GAATW highlights the connection between trafficking, migration, and labour, advocating for rights-affirming migration policies and stronger labour protections to reduce trafficking risks. Our commitment to the rights of trafficked persons, migrant workers, and low-wage women workers is central to our work.
Since 2025, the GAATW-IS has formalised this focus into three thematic programmes, carrying out research, communications and advocacy under each theme:
Human Trafficking and Forced Labour Programme
Women on the Move Programme
Women Workers for Change Programme
This approach enables us to see interconnections more clearly and develop cross-cutting projects that work towards the four long-term goals set out in our Strategic Plan 2020-2030:
To contribute to a change in the discourse on trafficking from an issue of law enforcement and crime to one at the intersections of gender, migration, labour, and development.
To contribute to a change in the policies and responses to trafficking so that they are respectful of women’s agency and based on a labour rights approach rather than protectionist and criminalisation approaches.
To create spaces for intersectional, inter-movement dialogues built upon a shared feminist, rights-based analysis of labour migration.
To challenge the social and economic invisibility of women’s work, promote policy recognition of women workers, and support their mobilisation, collective voice, and bargaining power.
Core Functions
Advocacy
Over the decades, GAATW has played a key role in the development of international human rights laws and policies related to human trafficking and migration. In the 1990s, GAATW was instrumental in the campaign for an internationally recognised definition of human trafficking, now enshrined in the United Nations Trafficking Protocol.
Currently, GAATW International Secretariat (GAATW-IS) advocates for the rights of migrant women and trafficked persons, maintaining consultative status with the UN's Economic and Social Council since 2006, as well as with the ASEAN Inter-Governmental Commission on Human Rights since 2018 and the Regional Monitoring Network of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights since 2023. GAATW supports its diverse global network of members in developing advocacy tools and promoting evidence-based policies and feminist approaches to trafficking at the national and local levels.
Alliance Strengthening
As an Alliance Secretariat, this is one of the ongoing core areas of our work. Liaising with members and broadening our membership and partnerships with a view toward collaborative advocacy are priorities for this area of work. Our members include organisations from all across Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean.
In 2023, our Secretariat was actively engaged in various initiatives aimed at supporting and enriching our community. One of the key efforts was conducting personalised interviews, allowing us to have meaningful dialogues with our members to better understand their work contexts and objectives. Our commitment to transparency and engagement was evident through regular communications, where we consistently updated our membership. We also took pride in recognising and showcasing the incredible contributions made by our members through our Meet our Members, highlighting their achievements across our communication channels. Additionally, we organised online consultations with RED-LAC to foster collaborative decision-making and advocacy work. To broaden our scope, we established external partnerships with other organisations that share our goals and values, further enhancing our collaborative research and advocacy work.
Knowledge Building and Research
The GAATW International Secretariat (GAATW-IS) will continue to use research, participatory learning, advocacy and communication tools to realise the vision and mission of the Alliance. GAATW’s participatory research plays a substantial role in shaping and shifting global anti-trafficking discourses. Much of GAATW’s research has been action-oriented, feeding local or international change processes and has been done in collaboration with Members and allies.
Members’ involvement in research projects will maximise the knowledge and experience within the Alliance and ensure that research activities are relevant. In general, our research prioritises documenting women’s experiences and agency in order to advance global anti-trafficking discourses, strengthen our advocacy messages, create a sound evidence base with the objective of promoting and protecting the human rights of trafficked persons and migrants, and expand knowledge in under-researched areas.
Overall, we seek to destabilise the dominant perception of women as victims in isolated, crime-centred responses to trafficking. Instead, we strive to present a complex picture of empowerment through migration, work, and human rights-based approaches.
Strategic Communications
GAATW’s communications work aims to enhance global representation and access to vital information, strengthening the Alliance's network of diverse member organisations. It challenges the prevailing narrative of women as victims in trafficking by highlighting empowerment through migration and labour, utilising feminist participatory action research (FPAR) to document women's experiences and resilience. GAATW's efforts incorporate the perspectives of various partners and affected communities, particularly from the Global South, enriching the anti-trafficking discourse. The organization is committed to providing effective communication services through publications and multimedia projects that amplify the voices and knowledge of its members and partners at all levels.
Women Workers for Change (WW4C) is an ongoing program that began in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. WW4C supports a feminist agenda for change, with a specific focus on low-wage women workers. We recognise that all women, including our members and partners, engage in both paid and unpaid work. Many women often take on multiple paid jobs to make ends meet. A significant portion of the work that women do falls outside the formal labour sector. In many countries, women are paid less than men for the same work.
WW4C focuses on three key strategies: Educate, Agitate, and Organise. The programme collaborates with organisations that have begun utilising these strategies to some degree or are committed to trying them. We believe that this programme will strengthen these groups by supporting their self-directed learning agendas, helping them recognise the connections between individual experiences of abuse and systemic discrimination, and encouraging them to plan their agendas for change.
The programme centres around the lived experiences of women workers, operating on the belief that individual experiential knowledge, when analysed in a peer context, leads to new insights. Consequently, the initiatives under this programme emphasise developing learning materials created by women workers themselves. Additionally, WW4C believes that regardless of the level of formal education, everyone should have the opportunity to learn, discuss, and debate various issues. WW4C will strive to meet the learning needs of women workers’ groups and respect their diverse learning styles.
Women on the Move
GAATW has a long history of advocating for women’s right to work and mobility as part of its broader anti-trafficking efforts. Since its founding in 1994, GAATW has engaged extensively with migration issues, recognising the linkages between trafficking, labour rights, and systemic inequalities. Over the years, GAATW continues to play a key role in shifting the conversation on trafficking – from a protectionist, victim-focused approach to one that emphasises the aspirations and agency of people on the move, and the need for rights protection in migration and at workplaces.
GAATW’s key advocacy efforts have centred on participatory research on migrant women's lived experiences and challenges, knowledge building, and creating opportunities for inter-movement dialogues across feminist social justice movements. GAATW incorporates gender analysis in the discussions on trafficking, migration, and labour. The existing neoliberal economic system increasingly pushes more people, particularly women, into situations of degraded labour.
Our focus is on the connections between migration practices and the deterioration of labour rights protections, with the aim of bringing conceptual clarity and strengthening solidarity for social and gender justice for migrant women.
The Women on the Move programme provides a structural framing for GAATW’s work on migration. Through this programme, GAATW will build its advocacy for gender-responsive and non-discriminatory migration policies and work closely with migrant women’s organisations.
GAATW’s Women on the Move programme focuses on three key areas:
Centring on Rights and the Well-Being of Migrant Women in the Care Economy
Strengthening State Accountability on the Effects of Forced Migration and Displacement
Securitisation of Migration – Prioritising Rights over Borders
Centring on Rights and the Well-Being of Migrant Women in the Care Economy
GAATW emphasises the critical role of care work, particularly by migrant women, in the global economy. Over the years, GAATW has advocated for the recognition and fair treatment of domestic workers by supporting collective organising and political education efforts among migrant women workers.
This focus area will examine care work in the migration context, addressing regulatory gaps and working conditions for migrant care workers beyond domestic work settings. GAATW aims to strengthen solidarity across social justice movements, promote decent work, and advocate for rights-based migration policies. The core objective is to enhance recognition and rights for migrant women in care work and challenge structural inequalities in the global care economy.
Strengthening State Accountability on the Effects of Forced Migration and Displacement
GAATW seeks to understand forced migration in the context of displacement. This key area will examine how environmental and politically induced displacement disrupts communities and disproportionately affects women. This helps focus on the root causes of displacement, including government-led projects that may promote economic growth and environmental conservation, but have resulted in land dispossession and displacement of marginalised communities.
GAATW calls for greater accountability from states and other actors driving displacement. It aims to ground its findings in the lived experiences of women migrants, particularly in conflict and climate-affected regions, to highlight patterns of exclusion and resistance.
Securitisation of Migration – Prioritising Rights over Borders
GAATW has consistently critiqued the securitisation of migration, highlighting how this approach undermines the rights and safety of migrants, especially women.[1] It also limits legal pathways, forcing many into irregular migration channels, which increases their vulnerability to exploitation and abuse. Consequently, GAATW emphasises the need for migration policies that prioritise human rights and the protection of migrant workers, rather than focusing on punitive and security-focused measures.
This key area outlines the historical justifications for securitised borders and the narratives that frame migrants as security threats. It also examines how anti-trafficking policies have supported migrant workers amid increased securitisation.
Since 1994, GAATW has sought to critically analyse and challenge problematic areas in discourse and activism around trafficking in women.
Emerging from the feminist movements of the 1970s and 1980s, GAATW worked with the movements of the Global South and Global North to push for an internationally agreed definition of human trafficking and a human rights approach to addressing the problem. It is largely due to these efforts that the UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons contains a definition which recognises that trafficking occurs in many sectors, not just in the sex work sector, and emphasises that exploitation derives from the conditions of work.
Since then, GAATW has continued to build alliances with different feminist and labour rights movements, to push for a feminist, rights-based approach to human trafficking and forced labour. These efforts include feminist participatory research and knowledge-building, advocacy with intergovernmental bodies, and strategic communications and publications, including the first open access, peer reviewed journal dedicated to the issue of human trafficking.
Today, our Human Trafficking and Forced Labour programme focuses on four key areas:
Lived experience expertise
Reducing reliance on criminalisation
Sexual and reproductive rights and freedoms
Labour exploitation
Lived Experience Expertise
GAATW seeks to respect and amplify the expertise of women with lived experience of trafficking and forced labour. We are proud that our membership includes organisations that were founded and are led by women with lived experience, and that much of our research has placed lived experience expertise at its heart.
The Human Trafficking and Forced Labour programme continues to place an emphasis on feminist participatory action research, and to use these learnings to critique harmful practices within the anti-trafficking sector.
Reducing Reliance on Criminalisation
GAATW challenges the assumptions that the way to tackle human trafficking is through increased policing and criminalisation, or through tighter border controls and restrictions on migration. We facilitate inter-movement dialogues to critically reflect on criminal justice approaches to human trafficking, and to advocate for the human rights of all women on the move.
Sexual and Reproductive Rights and Freedoms
Throughout our history, GAATW has challenged approaches to anti-trafficking that deny women sexual and reproductive freedoms. A significant part of this work has been to stand alongside the sex workers rights movement in their fight for recognition and respect.
We continue this work today and advocate for an approach to addressing human trafficking and other rights violations in the sex work sector that is based on meaningful engagement with those in the sector themselves and that responds to the needs of sex workers as they articulate them.
Labour Rights
GAATW believes that the challenges that trafficked and migrant women face cannot be seen in isolation of the larger global, economic, and political realities that restrict women workers’ rights.
In tandem with our Women Workers for Change programme, our Human Trafficking and Forced Labour programme advocates for respect for labour rights of all women workers as being fundamental to the prevention of trafficking and forced labour.
As part of this work, we seek to build solidarity across different movements and to analyse the utilisation of different legal and non-legal frameworks for accessing justice for women who have experienced labour exploitation.
Partners
Asia
MAP Foundation, Thailand, established in 1996 works with the mission to empower migrant workers from Burma and their communities to take action to claim their rights and to fight discrimination against migrant workers.
With their project titled Solidarity Soap, MAP aims to build solidarity and grow its membership of migrant domestic workers through small enterprise capacity building and advocacy. They are upscaling a solution that emerged amongst this group during the initial impact of COVID. As people in this group were losing their jobs and falling into debt, daily expenses became a burden. They sought to find a way to assist each other during the hard times. They exchanged information via Line (social media app) on job opportunities, and then decided they wanted to do something to reduce their cost of living. The idea came up with the need to reduce daily expenses like dishwashing detergent and clothes-washing detergent. They started making their own using basic ingredients and filling recycled bottles. They began distributing it to other members and felt that it was an enterprise they wanted to continue as part of this learning journey.
The Asia Pacific Mission for Migrants (APMM), Hong Kong, established in 1984, is a regional center committed to supporting the migrant movement through advocacy, organising, and building linkages for the advancement of migrants’ rights, with a mission to build and enhance the grassroots community movement of women migrants.
This project titled ‘Amplifying Voice of Migrants in Japan for Empowerment, Service and Action’ was conceived as APMM’s role in movement-building. The project primarily works with Filipino and other migrant workers in Japan, to ensure gender equality. In the course of the project implementation, migrant organisations Kafin Migrant Center (KMC) and Migrante Japan will be involved and help shape the activities. This project was inspired by APMM’s experience of thriving movement-building among migrants in last three years, by utilising new and digital technology and employing different strategies to continue the education, campaigning and organising work.
Serve the People Association (SPA), Taiwan, was founded by people concerned for workers, including labor advocates, scholars, lawyers, businessmen, workers and union officers in 2008. SPA offers free services to workers, including legal consultation, mediation of labor disputes, and assistance to unionise.
This project titled Migrant YouTubers, Migrant Podcasters is focused on deepening SPA’s understanding of recording videos, live broadcasts, and podcasts, and also different platforms that we can disseminate the programs. The managers and officers of the two unions-the National Domestic Workers Union (NDWU) and the Factory Workers Association Taiwan (FWAT) have made some live ‘know your rights’ broadcasts on Facebook with the help of SPA and they want to reach a wider audience using different social media mediums.
Tenaganita, Malaysia is a human rights organisation dedicated to assisting, building, advocating, and protecting migrants, refugees, women, and children from exploitation, abuse, discrimination, slavery, and human trafficking. We have offices and women’s shelters in the state of Selangor (Petaling Jaya) and Pulau Pinang (Penang).
This project titled ‘Support Services Program for Survivors of Human Trafficking in Selangor and Penang’ is designed for victims/survivors. They requested more structured skill programs to enable them to gain skills and training while they are in the shelter that can be applied when are reintegrating upon their repatriation. This also includes self-care sessions for them to help ease the ongoing trauma and stress.
Europe
Comitato or The Committee for the Civil Rights of Prostitutes onlus (CDCP ApS), Italy, founded in 1983, works with the main goal of advocating for the recognition of the human, social and labour rights of sex workers at a local, national, and international scale.
In the project titled Still I Rise - SIR, Comitato plans to apply its long-standing expertise in training project beneficiaries to become peers or linguistic and cultural mediators. This will be a tailor-made training course for one or two people as concrete examples for other survivors who face the negative impact of stringent immigration legislation and the non-recognition of their human rights. The training will provide them with knowledge of the Italian labour market, legislation on immigration, and work as social operators. It will attend to suggestions made by the survivors themselves on how to approach migrant communities and engage with them on different issues.
Intervention and Sensitization against Trafficking Mission (MIST), France, established in 2020 is a community- based organization in France, created by a group of survivors of Trafficking in Human Beings (THB) who mobilize themselves to combat human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation through a participative approach.
This project titled ‘Empowering survivors in social work against THB: Focus on Ethics and Advocacy’ is an extension of MIST’s previous project “Empowering survivors in social work against THB” in 2022. Active members of MIST benefited from the community organizing training by a French organization called “Organisez-vous”. As a result of this training, they gathered into a group they called “Roots” and created the MIST rules and regulation booklet. In 2023, MIST will support “Roots” with a capacity-building process focused on ethics and advocacy. This group becomes the Ethic Council of Mist to define the internal process for active members, delegates, and spokesperson to help them to achieve their mission of peace-making (with delegates) and advocacy (with spokespersons) in a genuinely participatory way.
Melissa: Network of Migrant Women, Greece, founded in 2014 is a network for migrant and refugee women in Greece promoting their empowerment, integration into Greek society, and active citizenship.
This project titled ‘Transformational Leadership Training for women leaders from diverse origin’ was chosen to emphasise migrant and refugee women’s innate vast potential for leadership, too often unrecognized and untapped. This project acknowledges migrant women with experience in a leadership role and engages them in all its levels and phases, such as in planning and implementation of a leadership integration pathway program. This approach will enhance and strengthen their leadership skills, drawing from their own interaction and exchange, per their own request and desire to support each other and grow together, rather than through an external theoretical expert in a specialized, yet restricted, field.
Southeast and East Asian Centre, United Kingdom, registered in 2020, is a community organisation for and by migrants, refugees, and people seeking asylum from East and Southeast Asia (ESEA) and people of these heritages living in the UK.
The project titled ‘Voice and Participation of Vietnamese Migrants: Lived experiences of migration, “everyday borders”, doing and seeking work in the UK’ will involve employability skills training, rights informing workshops, and other advocacy and campaign activities. This is based on SEEAC’s previously conducted sharing and training on employment rights information with the community of Vietnamese Migrants. This has been developed in consultation with their partner organisation, Nails Viet Association (NVA), who have shared that the coverage of the mainstream media and the treatment from the law enforcement and the immigration authorities caused a public backlash against the Vietnamese beauty industry that damaged the community and their businesses.
The GAATW International Secretariat (GAATW-IS) will continue to use research, participatory learning, advocacy and communication tools to realise the vision and mission of the Alliance.
GAATW’s research plays a substantial role in shaping and shifting global anti-trafficking discourses. Much of GAATW’s research has been action-oriented, feeding local or international change processes and done in collaboration with Members and allies.
Members’ involvement in research projects will maximise the knowledge and experience within the Alliance and ensure that research activities are relevant. In general, our research prioritises documenting women’s experiences and agency in order to advance global anti-trafficking discourses, strengthens our advocacy messages, creates a sound evidence base with the objective of promoting and protecting the human rights of trafficked persons, and expands knowledge in under-researched areas.
Overall, we seek to destabilise the dominant perception of women as victims in isolated, crime-centred responses to trafficking. Instead, we strive to present a complex picture of empowerment through migration, work, and human rights based approaches.
Communications
The primary goal of GAATW’s communications work is to promote global representation and equal access to relevant information and knowledge that is essential in strengthening the Alliance. As the International Secretariat of a diverse network, GAATW engages across many communication styles, cultures and media to share and exchange information between Member Organisations.
Our communications work destabilises the dominant perception of women as victims in isolated, crime-centred responses to trafficking. Instead, it presents a complex picture of empowerment through migration, labour, and feminist rights-based approaches. Through the years, GAATW has initiated feminist participatory action research (FPAR) projects to document women’s lived realities and resilience within the migration and labour contexts. GAATW has used FPAR as a methodology to strengthen the political understanding of members and like-minded groups who are committed to advancing the rights of trafficked and migrating people.
GAATW’s communications and advocacy efforts bring in the views of diverse partners and members, provide strong gender analysis, include the voices of affected communities, and highlight the perspectives of the Global South which consequently add a unique perspective to international anti-trafficking and migration discourse.
GAATW’s communication services will continue to reflect the needs of the Alliance, in order to provide clear and timely responses in the anti-trafficking discourse. GAATW-IS aims to provide effective communication services through publications, online resources, and multi-media projects to carry forward the voices and knowledge of members, partners and affected groups at local, regional, and international levels.
The goal of GAATW’s Alliance Strengthening and Movement Support work is to hold up a vibrant, resourced, and united civil society that can counteract the conservative and repressive forces that seek to disempower women and dismantle the established international human rights standards. It creates spaces for groups of marginalised women – survivors of trafficking, domestic workers, sex workers, irregular migrants, street vendors, and other informal workers – to analyse their context and articulate their strategies for achieving change. It facilitates inter-movement and inter-regional dialogues for civil society organisations to learn from each other and join forces to advocate for human rights and social justice.
Alliance Strengthening
As an Alliance Secretariat, this is one of the ongoing core areas of our work. Liaising with members and broadening our membership and partnerships with a view toward collaborative advocacy are priorities for this area of work. Our members include organisations from all across Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean. In addition to our work with members, we currently have two projects which enable us to focus on some aspects of this area of work.
In 2023, our Secretariat actively engaged in various initiatives to support and enrich our community:
Personalised Interviews: We've had meaningful dialogues with our members to better understand their context of work and objectives.
Regular Communications: Our commitment to transparency and engagement is reflected in our consistent updates to the membership.
Member Spotlights: We take pride in recognising and showcasing the incredible contributions made by our members through our channels of communication.
Consultations with RED-LAC: We organised online consultations with RED-LAC to foster collaborative decision-making and advocacy work.
External Partnerships: We've also broadened our scope by collaborating with other organisations that share our goals and values.