25 April 2024
On 23 of April, during its last plenary meeting of this mandate, the EU parliament adopted the final text of the recast of the EU anti-trafficking Directive1. We, the undersigned non-governmental human rights organisations, welcome some progress that has been made in the revised Directive. It is positive that sanctions for...
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Joint civil society recommendations for the trialogue negotiations on the revision of the EU ‘Anti- Trafficking Directive’ (2011/36/EU on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and...
22nd November, 2023
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GAATW International Secretariat and members stand in solidarity with Bangladeshi garment workers who are protesting the new minimum wage proposed by the Labour Department, which...
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GAATW organised a panel at the IWRAW virtual Global South Women’s Forum(GSWF) on 29th October 2023. GAATW organised it with its members and partners from South East Asia and Latin America. They are...
Berlin, July 2023
1. Background and Context
Over the last three years GAATW, together with ten partners from Southeast Asia and Europe, has used a feminist participatory action research methodology to learn about the experiences of 259 Southeast Asian women migrants who were...
In 2023, the Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women (GAATW) together with ten partner organisations from Southeast Asia and Europe researched Southeast Asian migrant women’s experience of migration to Europe, and of their reintegration at home...
Agenda item 4: Thematic discussion on the theme “Violence against migrants, migrant workers and their families.”
Statement by the Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women (GAATW)
24 April 2012 (delivered 25 April 2012)
In every period of human history people have migrated in the hope of a better quality of life. Border controls do little to stop them. What they do is determine how migrants will cross them, what status they will have on arrival, the risks they will face in transit and at destination, and their access to remedies. Increased border controls and security push people to paying higher fees & taking more dangerous routes.They create a group of people that is at risk of exploitation in transit and in the workplace.
The ‘anti-trafficking industry’ has become big business. It has grown alongside an accountability vacuum, which has meant a growth in opportunities for intervention in this field has not translated into increased opportunities for trafficked or affected persons to voice their views or concerns on the way in which such interventions are implemented. Further it remains unclear if many of the anti-trafficking initiatives of the previous decade have had an impact on decreasing trafficking and strengthening the rights of trafficked persons.
Anti-Trafficking Review Prepared for Anti-Trafficking Review Issue 3, ‘Following the Money:Spending on Anti-Trafficking’
Anti-trafficking funding and work has mushroomed since the 1990s. Lacking is analysis of those antitrafficking funds – where they come from, who they go to, what they are meant to do, what they actually achieve and indeed whether they are needed.
Issue 3 of the Anti-Trafficking Review (www.antitraffickingreview.org) asked for contributions on the topic of funding in anti-trafficking. In preparation for this issue, we pulled together some sources of funding data with an aim to assist contributors, particularly time-strapped practitioners.
This document has two sections: Grant-making and Spending. The first lists information on funders and how much they have spent on anti-trafficking work, as defined by them. The second section on spending lists how much money has been spent on anti-trafficking projects, though there is some overlap as some organisations have not disaggregated their direct spending on projects and their indirect spending (or funding), which has gone to another organisation to carry out the work.
A supplementary excel sheet, in which we sum disparate figures from organizational websites, is also available (email the Editorial Team This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.).
This document is not a complete listing of all anti-trafficking funding globally. We welcome information about further data, as well as corrections to the data listed below (email the Editorial Team This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.). A note of thanks is due to Mike Dottridge, Amy Klopfenstein and Ki-Hwan (Mark) Kim for assistance in this data collection.
GAATW & STV/Wijers, M. & Lap-Chew, L. (1999a???): Trafficking in Women Forced Labour and Slavery-like Practices in Marriage, Domestic Labour and Prostitution. Utrecht/Bangkok: STV/GAATW
GAATW (2000): Human Rights and Trafficking in Persons: A Handbook. Bangkok: GAATW.
GAATW (2006). Access to Justice for Trafficked Persons. Report of the Global Consultation. Bangkok, Thailand 7-9 June 2006. Bangkok: GAATW
GAATW (2007): Collateral Damage: the Impact of Anti-Trafficking Measures on Human Rights around the World. Bangkok: GAATW
GAATW (2008) Recognise the Right to Assistance. Brochure. Bangkok: GAATW.
GAATW (2009a): Alliance News Issue 30: Europe: An Overview of Recent Developments. Bangkok: GAATW
GAATW (2009b) Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR) FPAR Learning Workshop, 24-29 May 2009, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Bangkok: GAATW
GAATW (2009c) Roundtable 3 ‘Bringing together ‘Linkages’ topics’: in Feminist Participatory Action Research and GAATW Working Papers. Bangkok, 10-14 March 2010. Presentation AkiDwA: Am Only Saying It Now, Experiences of Women Seeking Asylum in Ireland. Bangkok: GAATW.
GAATW (2010a): Beyond Borders: Exploring Trafficking’s Links to Gender, Migration, Labour, Globalisation and Security. 2010 Working Papers Series. Bangkok: GAATW.
GAATW (2010b) BB: Exploring Links between Trafficking and Gender.
GAATW (2010c) BB: Exploring Links between Trafficking and Globalisation & Security.
GAATW (2010d) BB: Exploring Links between Trafficking and Labour.
GAATW (2010e) BB: Exploring Links between Trafficking and Migration.
GAATW (2010f) International Members Congress and Conference Report. Beyond Borders: Trafficking in the Context of Migrant, Labour and Women’s Rights. 4-7 July 2010, Bangkok, Thailand. Bangkok: GAATW.
GAATW (2010g). ‘A Woman’s Life is Richer than her Trafficking Experience’, Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR) series. Bangkok: GAATW.
GAATW (2011a) Beyond ‘Supply and Demand’ Catchphrases: Assessing the Uses and Limitations of Demand-Based Approaches in Anti-Trafficking. Bangkok: GAATW
GAATW (2011b) Smuggling and Trafficking: Rights and Linkages. Bangkok: GAATW
Gallagher, A. (2010):The right to an effective remedy for victims of trafficking in persons: A Survey of International Law and Policy. Paper submitted for the expert consultation convened by the UN Special Rapporteur on Trafficking in Persons, especially women and children, Ms. Joy Ngozi Ezeilo on: “The right to an effective remedy trafficked persons”. Bratislava, Slovakia 22 – 23 November, 2010
Heide-Uhl, B. (2011):Terminology Matters:What do we mean when we refer to ‘exploitation’? Rights Work Initiative. Web Site: http://rightswork.org
Human Rights Watch (2010): Rights on the Line: Human Rights Watch Work on Abuses against Migrants in 2010. New York: HRW
ICHRP (2010) Irregular Migration, Migrant Smuggling and Human Rights: Towards Coherence. Geneva: ICHRP
ILO (2004): Forced Labour: Definition, Indicators and Measurement. Geneva: ILO
ILO (2005b): A Global alliance against forced labour. Global report under the follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. Report of the Director-General. Geneva: ILO
ILO/Belser, P. (2005): Forced Labour and Human Trafficking: Estimating the profits. Geneva: ILO
ILO (2009b): The cost of coercion: Global Report under the follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. Geneva: ILO
ILO/Anders, B. & Belser, P. (eds) (2009): Forced Labour; Coercion and Exploitation in the Private Economy. Geneva: Lynne Rienner publishers.
ILO (no date available): 10 Principles for Business Leaders to combat Forced Labour and Trafficking. Geneva: ILO
International Commission of Jurists (2010): Migration and International: Human Rights Law. Practitioners Guide No. 6. Geneva: ICJ
ITUC CSI IGB (2009): How to Combat Forced Labour and Trafficking. Best practices manual for Trade Unions. Brussels: ITUC
ITUC CSI IGB (2011a). Final Resolution on Tackling Precarious and Informal Work. 2 - 4 February 2011. 8GC/E(FINAL). Brussels: ITUC General Council
ITUC CSI IGB (2011b): Living with economic insecurity: women in precarious work. Brussels.
Jamin, J. (2009). L’imaginaire du complot. IMISCOE Policy Brief No.17, November 2009. Online publication: IMISCOE
FAFO & NEXUS Institute/Brunovskis, A. & Surtees, R. (2007): Leaving the Past Behind? When victims of trafficking decline assistance. Oslo: FAFO
OSCE (2003):Decision No. 557: OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings. Vienna: OSCE
OSCE-ODIHR (2007c): Alliance Against Trafficking in Persons Conference: ‘Assistance to Victims of Trafficking: We Can Do Better’; Presentation by S. Scanlan: The identification of Trafficked persons in the face of conflicting agendas. Vienna : OSCE
PICUM/Flynn, D. (2007): Policy brief Human Trafficking and Forced Labour; What Perspectives to Challenge Exploitation? Brussels: PICUM
PICUM (2009): Undocumented and irregular migration: policy developments, data and social implications. Brussels: PICUM
Queen Mary University of London/Shields, K. (2010): Labour Exploitation: Crossing the threshold between acceptable and unacceptable labour conditions. London: Queen Mary University of London
Rights Work Initiative/American University Washington College of Law (2011): Issue Paper 2: Slavery, Forced Labour, Debt Bondage and Human Trafficking: From Conceptual Confusion to Targeted Solutions. Washington: American University Washington College of Law.http://rightswork.org
Scarlet Alliance (2011) Letter dated February 2011 to the Attorney Generals Department, regarding The Criminal Justice Response to Slavery and People Trafficking; Reparation; and Vulnerable Witness Protections. Darlinghurst: Scarlet Alliance.
Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children. (2009). Promotion and Protection of All Human Rights, Civil, Political, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Including the Right to Development. (Submitted to the 10th HRC, Agenda item 3, No. A/HRC/10/16). Geneva: United Nations.
STV/GAATW/IHRL (1999) Human Rights Standards for the Treatment of Trafficked Persons. Bangkok: GAATW
Surtees, R. (2008). Trafficked Men as Unwilling Victims. St Anthony’s International Review (STAIR), The Politics of Human Trafficking. Volume 4, Number 1, April 2008.
UNHCHR (2010): Commentary: Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human Trafficking. Geneva: UNHCHR
UNODC (2006):Trafficking in Persons: Global Patterns. Vienna: UNODC
UNODC/UN.GIFT (2008a): The Vienna Forum to fight Human Trafficking; Workshop: The Roles of Employers’ Organizations, Businesses and Trade Unions in Combating Trafficking for Labour Exploitation. Vienna: UNODC
UNODC/UN.GIFT (2008b): The Vienna Forum to fight Human Trafficking; Workshop: Supply Management, Eliminating the risks of forced labour and trafficking. Vienna: UNODC
UNODC/UN.GIFT (2009a): Global Report on trafficking in persons. Vienna: UNODC
UNODC (2011): Transnational Organised Crime in the Fishing Industry. Focus on: Trafficking in Persons, Smuggling of Migrants and Illicit drugs Trafficking. Vienna: UNODC
US Department of State (2011): 2010 Trafficking in Persons Report.
Utrecht University (2009): Human trafficking, turning our attention to labour exploitation. Workshop Report October 2009. Utrecht: Science Shop of Law, Economics and Governance.
Council of the European Union: Council Framework Decision of 19 July 2002 on Combating Trafficking in Human Beings (2002/629/JHA)
Council of the European Union: Council Framework Decision of 15 March 2001 on The Standing of Victims in Criminal Proceedings (2001/220/JHA)
Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings and its Explanatory Report (Warsaw, 16.V.2005) Council of Europe Treaty Series – No. 197.
Directive 2011/36/EU Of The Europe Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2011 on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims, and replacing Council Framework Decision (2002/629/JHA)
Directive 2009/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 providing for minimum standards on sanctions and measures against employers of illegally staying third-country nationals
Directive 2004/81/EC of 29 April 2004 on the residence permit issued to third-country nationals who are victims of trafficking in human beings or who have been the subject of an action to facilitate illegal immigration, who cooperate with the competent authorities.
European Court of Human Rights (2010): Rantsev v Cyprus and Russia ECHR 25965/04 (7 January 2010)
European Court of Human Rights (2005): Siliadin v France ECHR 73316/01 (26 July 2005)
UN General Assembly (1985) Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power (A/RES/40/34)
UNODC (2000) Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (the Protocol), supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, adopted by General Assembly resolution 55/25 of 15 November 2000.
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